Sophistry refers to a deceptive or misleading argumentation or reasoning, often used to persuade or manipulate others without regard for truth or logical consistency. The term originated in ancient Greece, where sophists were professional teachers of rhetoric and argumentation. While some sophists were skilled educators, others were criticized for employing clever but fallacious arguments to win debates or sway opinions.

Sophistry typically involves the use of clever language, logical fallacies, or rhetorical devices to create the illusion of a compelling argument, even when the underlying reasoning is flawed or dishonest. Sophistical techniques may include appeals to emotion, ad hominem attacks, equivocation, or the deliberate misrepresentation of evidence.

In philosophical discourse, sophistry is often contrasted with genuine dialectic, which aims at uncovering truth through reasoned inquiry and rational discourse. Philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle criticized sophistry for its disregard of truth and ethical principles, viewing it as a corrupting influence on public discourse and intellectual integrity.

Today, the term "sophistry" is used more broadly to describe any form of argumentation or persuasion that prioritizes winning or manipulation over genuine understanding or truth-seeking. It is often associated with political rhetoric, advertising, and other forms of communication where the emphasis is on persuasion rather than the pursuit of knowledge or ethical principles.